A thyroidectomy is the surgical procedure where the removal of all (total thyroidectomy) or part (partial thyroidectomy) of the thyroid gland is done — the butterfly-shaped organ in the neck. Thyroidectomy is the main surgical procedure for thyroid cancer.
What are the types of thyroid cancer?
Types of thyroid cancer include:
Papillary thyroid cancer
Follicular thyroid cancer
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).
Anaplastic thyroid cancer
Primary thyroid lymphoma
What are the types of thyroidectomies?
There are two main categories of thyroidectomies:
1. Partial thyroidectomies: It involves the removal of part of the thyroid which includes:
A) Hemi-thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy:Here the surgeon removes one lobe (one half) of the patient thyroid.
B) Isthmusectomy: Here the surgeon removes the thyroid tissue between the two lobes. Surgeons do this surgery specifically for small tumours which are located in the isthmus.
C) Open thyroid biopsy:here the surgeon removes a thyroid nodule directly.
2. Total thyroidectomies: It involves the removal of total or complete part of the thyroid.
When does a patient need thyroidectomy surgery?
The doctor may recommend thyroidectomy for any of the following reasons:
If a patient has a nodule (growth) on the thyroid that might be thyroid cancer.
If a patient has a diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
If a patient has a nodule or goitre that’s compressing the trachea or esophagus
If a patient has a nodule or goitre that’s releasing excess thyroid hormone